Quantitative genetics, genomics, and plant breeding m s. Molecular quantitative genetics for plant breeding. While high throughput dna sequencing of individuals is becoming routine 1, 2, linking complex. Domesticated maize make 820 rows of kernels, whereas its ancestor teosinte makes 2 rows. Bssc0 is reaction was not genetically correlated with quantitative traits a derivative of the iowa stiff stalk synthetic maize population because we found hardyweinberg proportions and because which was formed in 1933 and 1934 by dr g. Chapters have been developed from a symposium held in baton rouge, louisiana, in march 2001. Quantitative genetic analysis of the physiological. Quantitative genetics and breeding methods download ebook. Abstract the purpose of this article is to show how quantitative genetics has contributed to the huge genetic progress obtained in plant breeding in brazil in the. The heterosis is a quantitative measure of hybrid superiority over its parental components and it has been widely used in maize breeding programs hallauer et al.
Quantitative genetics in maize breeding handbook of plant breeding by barbara cartland handbook of plant breeding arnel r hallauer o marcelo j carena o jb miranda filho quantitative genetics in maize breeding public investment in maize breeding from 1865 to 1996. Many genes contribute quantitatively to how a plant looks and behaves. Few studies have examined the inheritance and interrelationships of both grain yield and the underlying physiological processes in maize zea mays l. The primary purpose of this project is to contribute to yield increases by examining the development of breeding sources and the prevalence of differential rankings of varieties across environments genotype x. Two hundred random s1, s2, s3, and s4 lines were developed from the bssc0 population by singleseed descent and a set of 200 related halfsib families were developed from the s1 lines. Bernardo group in maize breeding and genetics books and. Program xxivth eucarpia maize and sorghum conference. Frontiers quantitative genetics and genomics converge to. The time frame of the history of quantitative genetics is similar to mendelian genetics. Jianming yu is professor and pioneer distinguished chair in maize breeding in the department of agronomy, iowa state university. The principles of quantitative genetics behind the adaptation, improvement, and development of droughttolerant, highquality, and earlymaturing hybrids allows a maize crop for ethanol production in western north dakota with the integration of prebreeding and cultivar development. This program is currently one the of the few public u. The genomic basis for shortterm evolution of environmental.
Introgress exotic maize alleles to increase the genetic diversity of us maize germplasm. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding request pdf. Molecular markers may complement plant breeding in three broad areas. Increased demands for corn grain are likely as a result of population growth, loss of farmland from urbanization, and development of new uses of corn. Sequencing of the maize genome has opened up new opportunities in maize breeding, genetics and genomics research. History, contribution, and future of quantitative genetics in. Quantitative genetic research has contributed extensive information to assist plant breeders in developing breeding and selection strategies. The availability of dense molecular markers has made possible the use of genomic selection gs for plant breeding. Quantitative genetics and breeding methods download. Carena has led maize breeding research for shortseason maturity at ndsu since 1999. Carena has led maizebreeding research for shortseason maturity at ndsu since 1999. It concentrates on the linkage analysis of markers, map construction and quantitative trait locus qtl mapping and. He teaches quantitative genetics and crop breeding techniques at ndsu. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol.
However, long breeding cycles, late flowering, variable juvenilemature correlations, emerging pests and diseases, climate, and market changes, all pose formidable challenges. Prediction of genetic values of quantitative traits in plant. Dominant gene action has long been either ignored or disregarded as insignificant in many previous genetic models. Quantitative genetics, molecular markers, and plant improvement. Genetics, genomics and breeding of maize 1st edition. The book introduces the basic concepts and methods that are useful in the statistical analysis and modeling of dnabased marker and phenotypic data that arise in agriculture, forrestry, experimental biology, and other fields. Pbs, starch granules and amorphous cytoplasmic proteins. Maize breeding iowa state university digital repository. Both branches use the frequencies of different alleles of a gene. Quantitative genetics is a branch of population genetics that deals with phenotypes that vary continuously in characters such as height or massas opposed to discretely identifiable phenotypes and geneproducts such as eyecolour, or the presence of a particular biochemical. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding has improved the odds of developing outstanding maize cultivars from genetically broad based improved populations such as b73. The rediscovery of mendels laws of inheritance in 1900 was the basis for determining the inheritance of quantitative traits and for developing plant breeding and selection methods. Prediction of total genetic value using genomewide dense marker maps genetics, 2001, 157.
New and old selection methods, for the genetic improvement of maize still are important in increasing food production. This book provides an overview of the rapidlydeveloping field of quantitative genetics and genomics, and their application to plant breeding. Prospects for genomewide selection for quantitative traits in maize crop science, 2007, 47. The principles of quantitative genetics behind the adaptation, improvement, and development of droughttolerant, highquality, and earlymaturing hybrids allows a maize crop for ethanol production in western north dakota with the integration of pre breeding and cultivar development. Introduction to quantitative genetics download ebook pdf. My research focuses molecular quantitative genetics as well as applied maize breeding. Quantitative genetics is a branch of population genetics that deals with phenotypes that vary continuously in characters such as height or massas opposed to discretely identifiable phenotypes and geneproducts such as eyecolour, or the presence of a particular biochemical both branches use the frequencies of different alleles of a gene in breeding populations. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding ebook por arnel r. The marriage between quantitative genetics and plant breeding, albeit nonexclusive, has reaped benefits for both during the last 100 years. Prediction of genetic values of quantitative traits in. Molecular quantitative genetics for plant breeding roundtable. Goals objectives the three major goals of this project are to 1 develop and apply methodologies to improve plant improvement. Apr 04, 20 my research focuses molecular quantitative genetics as well as applied maize breeding.
This project investigates genetics important for plant appearance and behavior and then uses this information for improving crops for a variety of traits and systems. Book, statistical genetics of quantitative traits by rongling. Breeders have been effective in developing improved cultivars to meet the changing cultural and environmental conditions of the past 150 years. A better understanding of the genetic basis of quantitative variation in maize will improve predictive crop genetics.
Book, statistical genetics of quantitative traits by. Genetics, genomics and breeding of maize crc press book. There are no interior doors to the office so if you do not see a sign for quantitative genetics and maize breeding then it is not the right door. Maize breeders are fortunate and privileged to work. Introgression of exotic subtropical, tropical, wild. This article evaluates the performance of parametric and semiparametric models for gs using wheat triticum aestivum l.
Genetic mapping and genomic selection for maize stalk strength xiaogang liu, xiaojiao hu, kun li, zhifang liu, yujin wu, hongwu wang and changling huang abstract background. Breeding for quantitative traits in plants investigates the application of quantitative genetics to plant breeding. The quantitative genetics of a nonstiffstalk maize zea. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding handbook of plant breeding. Breeding for host plant resistance to maize stemborers. In modifying amd developing postgraduate course in genetics and plant breeding, emphasis has been given to keep a balance among major components like basic genetics, cytogenetics, plant breeding, quantitative genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology. History, contribution, and future of quantitative genetics. Genetic mapping and genomic selection for maize stalk strength. Kidwell encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 2. The genetic relationship among individuals is at the core of nearly all quantitative genetic theory.
Quantitative genetics in maize breeding handbook of plant breeding 9781441907653. Numerous studies have investigated the genetic architecture of natural variation in flowering time for maize using a variety of methods, including genic analysis, linkage and. Contribution and perspectives of quantitative genetics to plant. May 26, 2016 molecular quantitative genetics for plant breeding roundtable 2010x 1. Quantitative genetics with focus on corn breeding and corn. Sprague lam little selection against this gene has occurred during selection key et al. Dec 01, 2019 because tropical maize is a rich resource of potentially useful genetic diversity that has largely been under used by maize breeders in temperate environments goodman 1998, findings from this study can guide future maize breeding for climate change and address fundamental questions about the genomic basis of environmental adaptation in plants. Murray assistant professor quantitative genetics and maize breeding 091010 tamu plant breeding roundtable 2. You are invited to attend the 59th annual maize genetics conference.
Stalk lodging can cause enormous yield losses in maize production. Xxivth eucarpia maize and sorghum conference integrating quantitative and molecular genetics to develop new breeding methods in maize and sorghum conference management system technical university of munich. Authors include international authorities from around the world. The inbredhybrid concept in maize was a public sector invention 100 years ago and it is still considered one of the greatest achievements in plant breeding. Louis, missouri, usa the conference will open with a thursday evening meal, march 9 and close at noon sunday, march 12. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding ebook by arnel r. The information available on the genetics, breeding, and utilization of host plant resistance to 14 of the most important species of maize stemborers complex, their biology, and the damage done to the crop is presented. Frontiers mapping quantitative trait loci associated. Maize breeding is one of the successful examples of breederdirected evolution. Reinventing quantitative genetics for plant breeding. Forest tree breeding has been successful at delivering genetically improved material for multiple traits based on recurrent cycles of selection, mating, and testing.
Estimates of genetic variances and heritability in many. This book highlights modern trends in development of hybrids, analysis of genetic diversity, molecular breeding, comparative and functional genomics, epigenomicsand proteomics in maize. Genome properties and prospects of genomic prediction of hybrid performance in a breeding program of maize genetics. History, contribution, and future of quantitative genetics in plant. Quantitative genetics of inbreeding in a synthetic maize. Molecular quantitative genetics for plant breeding roundtable 2010x 1. Identifying and quantifying genetic effects in maize for tolerance and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, most importantly aspergillus flavus aflatoxin resistance and drought and heat tolerance. Quantitative genetic studies on breeding maize for. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding handbook of plant. The conference will be held march 912, 2017, at the union station of st. Much of the increase can be attributed to improved genetics through innovative plant breeding, and pioneer researchers have played a key role in this. Identify genetic relationships among grain maize lines and use. Maize is one of the most important staple crops and is widely grown throughout the world. We have used previously developed genetic theory that.
Quantitative genetics in maize breeding public investment in maize breeding. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding springerlink. Kidwell encyclopedia of life support systems eolss despite advances in technologies, plant breeding is still based on mendels original concept of inheritance which is extended to encompass the inheritance of quantitative. The average effects of inbreeding depression have been measured extensively in maize zea mays l.
Oct 01, 2010 the availability of dense molecular markers has made possible the use of genomic selection gs for plant breeding. History of plant breeding the most rudimentary forms of plant breeding likely originated during the transition of. David jackson and colleagues report that variation at the fea2 locus in maize influences kernel row. However, the evaluation of models for gs in real plant populations is very limited. Click links below to see location mapped external to yahoo maps site office. The focus of yus program is to address significant questions in plant breeding by combining cuttingedge genomic technologies and quantitative genetics theories. Improve tolerance and resistance to biotic mycotoxins especially aflatoxin and abiotic stresses salinity, drought and heat through breeding in addition to genetics. Modern maize breeding methods are primarily a 20th century phenomenon. Molecular markers provide reliable estimates of genetic diversity. Quantitative genetic studies on breeding maize for adaptation to organic farming article in euphytica 1633.
118 65 1211 757 214 1082 680 839 884 775 891 1448 604 856 641 514 1480 1319 9 451 398 195 1304 550 1581 312 1032 1204 1245 452 502 120 1385 1246 1587 800 38 396 817 1398 426 1188 174 1118 444